How to Test a Transformer: A Comprehensive Guide and Analysis of Hot Technology
As the core equipment of the power system, the operating status of transformers directly affects the security of the power grid. This article will combine hot topics across the Internet in the past 10 days and provide structured guidance from aspects such as detection methods, tools, and data comparisons, as well as the latest industry trends.
1. Core methods of transformer detection
| Detection type | technical means | Applicable scenarios | Accuracy comparison |
|---|---|---|---|
| Electrical performance testing | Transformation ratio test, DC resistance test | Factory/installation acceptance | ±0.5% |
| Insulation testing | Dielectric loss test, partial discharge detection | preventive maintenance | ±2pC (partial discharge) |
| Oil chromatography | DGA (Dissolved Gas Analysis) | Failure warning | ppm level |
| Infrared thermal imaging | Temperature field scan | Daily inspection | ±2℃ |
2. Recent industry hot technologies (hot in the past 10 days)
| hot topics | technological breakthrough | Data support |
|---|---|---|
| AI fault diagnosis | Oil chromatography prediction model based on deep learning | Accuracy increased to 92% (IEEE latest paper) |
| IoT monitoring | 5G+ sensor real-time monitoring system | Pilot data from a power grid company: fault response time shortened by 70% |
| Environmental testing technology | Fluorinated oil detection solution | New EU regulations require replacement of SF6 gas by 2025 |
3. Standardized testing process
1.Preflight preparation: Check the transformer nameplate parameters and confirm that the testing environment meets the requirements of the GB/T 6451 standard.
2.Basic testing:
| Project | Standard value | Abnormality determination |
| Winding resistance | Deviation from initial value ≤ 2% | Poor contact/disconnection |
| Insulation resistance | ≥1000MΩ (35kV level) | Moisture/contamination |
3.Special testing: Based on the oil chromatography analysis results (refer to the table below), determine the type of potential failure:
| Gas components | normal range | Excessive warning |
|---|---|---|
| H2 | <100μL/L | arc discharge |
| C2H2 | <1μL/L | severe discharge |
4. Latest industry trends
1. State Grid released the "White Paper on Transformer Intelligent Detection Technology" on July 15, clearly promoting the drone inspection + edge computing solution.
2. Data from the Global Energy Internet Development and Cooperation Organization (GEIDCO) show that insulation aging will account for 43% of transformer failures in 2023, an increase of 6% from last year.
5. Testing precautions
• Live detection must comply with DL/T 1476-2015 standard
• Oil samples collected should be stored away from light and sent for inspection within 4 hours
• Infrared detection should be carried out when the load is >60%
By combining traditional detection methods with emerging technologies, a multi-dimensional transformer health assessment system can be established. It is recommended that enterprises conduct comprehensive inspections every six months and implement online monitoring of key equipment to ensure stable operation of the power system.
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